A new <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/2797439" target="_blank" rel="noopener">study</a> of nationwide hospital databases found that at least 1,130 adolescents between 2016 and 2019 received “gender-affirming” chest surgeries in the U.S.
The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, saw a 389% increase in adolescents (ages 12-17) obtaining chest surgeries from 2016 to 2019. An overwhelming majority (1,114) of the adolescents seeking this surgery were female (98.6%), and just 16 were male (1.4%).
“To our knowledge, this study is the largest investigation to date of gender-affirming chest reconstruction in a pediatric population,” the paper’s authors wrote, who are each affiliated with Vanderbilt University Medical Center. “The results demonstrate substantial increases in gender-affirming chest reconstruction for adolescents.”
But <a href="https://twitter.com/LeorSapir" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Leor Sapir</a>, a fellow at the Manhattan Institute, <a href="https://www.city-journal.org/floridas-reason-and-compassion-on-gender-medicine" target="_blank" rel="noopener">believes</a> the study significantly underestimates the number of adolescents who have received gender-related chest surgeries, as it only contains hospital-based data and not private surgery centers. The data was collected from the Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample (NASS), an out-patient hospital surgery database in the United States.
“JAMA included only procedures performed in hospitals, not by plastic surgeons in private settings,” said Sapir. “Because these procedures yield around $10,000 per patient, many mastectomies take place outside of hospitals in surgery centers owned by plastic surgeons themselves.”
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<div id="attachment_463321" style="width: 714px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-463321" class="wp-image-463321 " src="https://editorial.dailywire.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Screen-Shot-2022-11-11-at-4.06.40-PM.png" alt="" width="704" height="598" srcset="https://dw-wp-production.imgix.net/2022/11/Screen-Shot-2022-11-11-at-4.06.40-PM.png 1341w, https://dw-wp-production.imgix.net/2022/11/Screen-Shot-2022-11-11-at-4.06.40-PM-300x255.png 300w, https://dw-wp-production.imgix.net/2022/11/Screen-Shot-2022-11-11-at-4.06.40-PM-678x576.png 678w, https://dw-wp-production.imgix.net/2022/11/Screen-Shot-2022-11-11-at-4.06.40-PM-768x652.png 768w" sizes=" (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px" />Image provided by JAMA Pediatrics</div>
The ages of the pediatric patients ranged from 12 to 17, with 42 (5.5%) of the recipients between 12 and 14, 131 (16%) aged 15, 291 (34.5%) aged 16, and 365 (44%) aged 17.
Race and ethnicity were collected from hospital records only in 2019, the authors note. The vast majority of patients were white (77.9%), followed by Hispanics (12.2%), blacks (2.7%), Asian or Pacific Islanders (2.5%), and Native Americans (0.5%). About 4% were categorized as &#8220;other race.&#8221;
The median total charges for chest reconstruction were $29,886 ($21,285–$45,147), a number that was adjusted for inflation, the authors note. Most of the chest surgeries (61.1%) were covered by private health insurance, 16.5% used public health insurance including Medicaid, 15.8% paid out of pocket, and 6.7% indicated “other.”
Most adolescents included in the analysis lived in a densely populated area, with 68% living in a county with over one million residents, 21.9% lived in a moderately densely populated area, and only 9.8% lived in a county with less than a quarter million residents. Over half of those who obtained chest surgeries had a family annual income of over $82,000.
Psychiatric comorbidities for patients were listed, which included anxiety (21.1%) and depression (16.2%), but this is likely a significant underestimate since these numbers were much lower than the <a href="https://www.endocrine.org/news-and-advocacy/news-room/2020/transgender-teens-have-high-rates-of-depression-suicidal-thoughts" target="_blank" rel="noopener">high rates</a> of depression typically seen among trans-identified teens. It is therefore likely that mental health data in the hospital database were not comprehensive.
In July, the same four authors, with the addition of two others, published a separate <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35863009/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">study</a> on adults who received “gender-affirming” chest reconstruction surgeries. Their results, also using NASS outpatient hospital data, found that 21,293 individuals obtained chest surgeries between 2016 and 2019, a 143.2% increase. The large majority of chest surgeries were performed on female patients, with 82.1% receiving double mastectomies; 27.9% of trans-identifying males received breast augmentations.

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New Data Emerges Of 1,100+ Adolescent ‘Gender Affirming’ Mastectomies

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New Data Emerges Of 1,100+ Adolescent ‘Gender Affirming’ Mastectomies